Woody debris along an upland chronosequence in boreal Manitoba and its impact on long-term carbon storage
نویسندگان
چکیده
This study investigated the role of fire-killed woody debris as a source of soil carbon in black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) stands in Manitoba, Canada. We measured the amount of standing dead and downed woody debris along an upland chronosequence, including wood partially and completely covered by moss growth. Such woody debris is rarely included in measurement protocols and composed up to 26% of the total amount of woody debris in older stands, suggesting that it is important to measure all types of woody debris in ecosystems where burial by organic matter is possible. Based on these data and existing net primary production (NPP) values, we used a mass-balance model to assess the potential impact of fire-killed wood on long-term carbon storage at this site. The amount of carbon stored in deeper soil organic layers, which persists over millennia, was used to represent this long-term carbon. We estimate that between 10% and 60% of the deep-soil carbon is derived from wood biomass. Sensitivity analyses suggest that this estimate is most affected by the fire return interval, decay rate of wood, amount of NPP, and decay rate of the char (postfire) carbon pool. Landscape variations in these terms could account for large differences in deep-soil carbon. The model was less sensitive to fire consumption rates and to rates at which standing dead becomes woody debris. All model runs, however, suggest that woody debris plays an important role in long-term carbon storage for this area. Résumé : Cette étude porte sur le rôle des débris ligneux laissés par le feu en tant que source de carbone dans le sol sous des peuplements d’épinette noire (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) du Manitoba, au Canada. Les auteurs ont mesuré la quantité de chicots et de débris ligneux au sol le long d’une chronoséquence sur des hautes terres, incluant le bois partiellement et complètement couvert de mousse. Ce genre de débris ligneux qui est rarement inclus dans les protocoles expérimentaux compte pour 26 % de la quantité totale de débris ligneux dans les vieux peuplements, indiquant qu’il est important de mesurer tous les types de débris ligneux dans les écosystèmes où ces débris peuvent être recouverts par de la matière organique. Sur la base de ces données et des valeurs existantes de productivité primaire nette, ils ont utilisé un modèle de bilan massique pour évaluer l’impact potentiel du bois tué par le feu sur le stockage de carbone à long terme dans ce site. La quantité de carbone emmagasiné dans les horizons organiques plus profonds du sol a été utilisée pour représenter ce carbone qui persiste pendant des milliers d’années. Ils ont estimé que 10 % à 60 % du carbone enfoui profondément dans le sol provient de la biomasse ligneuse. Des analyses de sensibilité indiquent que cette estimation est surtout affectée par l’intervalle entre les feux, le taux de décomposition du bois, la productivité primaire nette et le taux de décomposition du pool de carbone sous forme de résidus carbonisés (après feu). Sur cette base, les variations du paysage pourraient expliquer les grandes différences dans la quantité de carbone enfoui dans le sol. Le modèle est moins sensible au taux auquel la forêt est consumée par le feu et au taux auquel les chicots deviennent des débris ligneux. Cependant, tous les essais avec le modèle indiquent que les débris ligneux jouent un rôle important dans le stockage à long terme du carbone dans cette région. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Manies et al. 482
منابع مشابه
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تاریخ انتشار 2005